2023ICERD8-C45 -- Reliability of Different Nanoparticles Concentrations and Different EG-Water Mixture Ratio on the Heat Transfer Augmentation Microchannel

Nanofluids have gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential in solving the overheating problem in various industries and applications. A nanofluid is a mixture of a base fluid and nanoparticles, typically on the nanoscale, dispersed within it. These nanoparticles can be metallic, ceramic, or carbon-based, depending on the desired properties and applications. It is important to note that while nanofluids offer significant advantages, there are still challenges to overcome, such as nanoparticle agglomeration, stability, and cost-effectiveness. Nonetheless, research and development in this field continue to progress, aiming to harness the full potential of nanofluids for solving overheating problems and improving thermal management in various applications. The current study concerned with the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of different nanofluids using different types of nanoparticles such as Al₂O₃, SiO₂, and ZnO mixed with different base fluid. Pure water and Ethylene Glycol-water (EG-H₂O) mixture at different EG/H₂O ratio, ψ (ψ = 0%,10%,30%,40%) are used as the base fluid. Also, a rectangular microchannel heat sink is used. The numerical analysis evaluates the influence on heat transfer coefficient and flow characteristics of nanofluids in Reynolds numbers from 500 to 1200. Additionally, different volume concentration nanoparticles ranged from 1% to 5% at constant heat flux q=100 W/cm² and constant fluid inlet temperature of 288 k are investigated. The fluid flow and heat transfer parameters of each nanoparticle and EG-H₂O ratios are quantified using the average heat transfer coefficient, and pressure drop. The results show that nanofluid of ZnO and 40% EG-H₂O increases the heat transfer coefficient by 63% compared to nanofluid of ZnO-H₂O obtained at Re = 1200 and f=5%. Consequently, this improves the thermal performance of the fluid with ZnO nanoparticles. Also, ZnO nanofluid possesses the highest pressure drop amongst other types of nanoparticles and H₂O.