• AWWA JAW64053

AWWA JAW64053

Journal AWWA - Kinetics of Dihaloacetic Acid Formation During Chloramination

American Water Works Association , 11/01/2006

Publisher: AWWA

File Format: PDF

$15.00$30.00


Traditional chloramine practice involves the addition of ammonia and chlorine nearly simultaneously, minimizing the presence of free chlorine. However, many drinking water treatment plants are not practicing traditional chloramination; they now have a significant period of free chlorine exposure that can accentuate disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation. This article investigates the effects of treatment, pH, and prechlorination on dihaloacetic acid (X2AA) formation kinetics. The data obtained and subsequent conclusions drawn provide new insight into X2AA formation and control during chloramination to help ensure that chloramination remains a viable treatment option. With many utilities facing a balancing act regarding chlorine, chloramines, and concentration times time requirements, a better understanding of X2AA formation kinetics with chloramines is essential input in the complicated decision-making process of weighing disinfection requirements against DBP formation. Includes 37 references, tables, figures.

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