AWWA JAW71771

In addition to upsetting ecosystems and threatening native species, zebra mussels and other nonindigenous invasive mussels create problems for water providers by clogging screens and other system components. Sparker technology represents an effective nonchemical, nonmechanical means for controlling zebra mussels as well as other biofouling species. The sparker or electrical discharge between electrodes in water produces a shock wave and vapor cavity bubble that disrupts the zebra mussel lifecycle. Although experiments had shown that sparker pressure pulses can be used to control zebra mussels, quantitative data on the pressure levels needed were not known. This study was undertaken to begin the process of understanding and quantifying the effects of pressure pulses on zebra mussels at different stages of their development. Field tests showed that sparker pressure pulses can both eradicate existing adult zebra mussels and prevent their settlement in larval stages. Water utility managers can use the quantitative data on pressure levels to design sparker systems for sites with different geometries and flow conditions. Includes 11 references, tables, figures.