AWWA SOURCES55703

The need for reclamation and reuse of municipal wastewater is increasing as utilities face ever-rising water supply needs and dwindling high quality, fresh water supplies. Wastewater reclamation for the purpose of surface water supply augmentation, where the end use of the augmented supplies is for potable water production, or for the purpose of providing a replacement to potable water for ultrapure water users, requires that advanced treatment processes be used to ensure both quality and reliability. To a greater and greater degree, membrane processes are being utilized to meet this need. This paper describes three projects currently under implementation, where membrane processes are being employed as the core treatment processes to provide for advanced water reclamation. Two of these projects are located in the eastern United States, while one is the Asia-Pacific (Gwinnett County, Georgia; Loudoun County, Virginia; and Republic of Singapore). Includes 4 references, tables, figures.