C29 -- Local Materials for Improving Environmental Indoor Quality and Identity in Building Case Study Yemen

The mud buildings in hot dry zones, reflect the ingenuity of design genius and the use of suitable materials for a hot climate, ventilation, and construction, all adapted to the climatic and environmental conditions in the hot regions. The main problem is to investigate the effect of local materials in both heat transfer and energy, Yemen, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Mali, which uses local materials that depends on various factors that includes the surrounding climate, construction, Hight and materials that are used with the composition of clay, color, employment and technology. A comparative approach to the impact of local building materials on the mud building, identity and the architectural character of the area, and the types of strategies used in the composition, materials, doors windows, number of floors, colors, location, direction, and function.