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ASHRAE , 2021
Publisher: ASHRAE
File Format: PDF
$8.00$16.00
When Hyperscale Data Centers first came on the market there was little concern about the outdoor air quality because the ventilation systems usedwithin the server rooms utilized almost entirely recirculated air. While this approach may have successfully maintained adequate air quality within theserver rooms, it came at a significant energy cost. In subsequent years, to reduce energy consumption, Hyperscale Data Centers have begun to use moreoutside makeup air in order to discharge the hot isle exhaust to the atmosphere.
Bringing outside air into the server rooms has its drawback, however. These Mission Critical Data Centers are often equipped with back-up emergencypower that is provided with large diesel-powered generators. When these generators operate, either under emergency power or during routine scheduledtesting, they emit plumes that can be quite odorous and contain CO, NOx, and SO2. If this exhaust ends up being re-entrained into the server roomsthough nearby air intakes it can create adverse health and odor issues and/or accelerate corrosion within the servers.
ASHRAE TC9.09 has produced a set of guidelines on the design and operation of Hyperscale Data Centers. This includes Datacom Series 8 –Particulate and Gaseous Contamination in Datacom Environment (ASHRAE TC9.9, 2014), which discusses concerns associated withsurrounding emission sources such as idling vehicles and power plants. However, the only mention associated with re-entrainment of their own dieselgenerator exhaust is in Datacom Series 3 – Design Considerations for Datacom Equipment Centers (ASHRAE TC9.9, 2009), states “Designconsiderations should also ensure that exhaust air does not recirculate back to any building ventilation air intakes”. No discussion isincluded in how to avoid recirculation or how to establish minimum acceptable re-entrainment limits (there is always some level of re-entrainment,no matter how the systems are designed).
Therefore, the focus of this paper will be to describe the process involved in evaluating the potential for adverse re-entrainment of diesel generator exhaustinto the server rooms. It will describe how dispersion modeling can be utilized during the design process to optimize the placement of the generators, theheight of the combustion exhaust stacks, and/or the proper selection of emission controls to minimize the potential for adverse air quality within theData Center when the diesel generators are operating.
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